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Apple will be the first company to receive chips manufactured under the upcoming 2nd nm TSMC process technology. TSMC is expected to start producing 2nm chips from the second half of 2025.
Terms like “3nm” and “2nm” refer to the specific architecture and design rules that TSMC uses for a family of chips. Reducing the node size corresponds to a smaller transistor size, so more transistors can fit on the processor, resulting in increased performance and more efficient power consumption, reports MacRumors.
This year, Apple switched to 3nm processors for its iPhone and Mac. Both the A17 Pro chip in the iPhone 15 Pro models and the M3 series chips in Macs are built on a 3nm process, an upgrade from the previous 5nm process. The move from 5nm to 3nm brought a noticeable 20% increase in GPU speed, a 10% increase in CPU speed, and a twice as fast neural engine in the iPhone, as well as similar improvements in the Mac.
TSMC is building two new infrastructure facilities to produce 2nm chips and is working to obtain approval for a third. The move to 2nm will result in TSMC switching to GAAFET (gate-all-around field effect transistor) transistors instead of FinFET, so the manufacturing process will be more complex. GAAFETs provide higher speed with smaller transistor size and lower operating voltage.
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