The Space Force plans to acquire mobile propulsion systems to refuel and increase the thrust of satellites in orbit
The US Space Force is considering ways to preserve and extend the life of satellites that have run out of fuel. One of the proposed options – the use of a «jetpack», which can be added to a satellite already in orbit. The ideas were presented at the January 2023 Space Mobility Conference in Florida.
Delta 45 Space Launch Commander, Christine Panzenhagen, emphasized the importance of in-orbit refueling and stated the urgent need to acquire mobile propulsion systems for satellites. They should increase the thrust of existing vehicles, regardless of their fuel supply, extending their capabilities and service life.
The U.S. Space Force's strategy places great emphasis on providing sustained maneuverability and supporting the movement of satellites in orbit. Using one orbit for the entire life of the satellite is no longer a priority. Instead, management strives for the ability to respond to dynamic threats and satellite movements while they are operational. This includes the ability to refuel satellites that have run out of fuel and are no longer capable of independent movement.
Space Force Lt. Gen. John E. Shaw back in July 2023 highlighted the falsity of the current approach to space operations, in which a platform is launched into orbit and remains there unchanged. To achieve flexibility in space operations, Space Systems Command created the Maintenance, Mobility and Logistics Directorate, which seeks solutions and technologies from private companies to meet on-orbit mobility and refueling needs.
On-orbit refueling and servicing technologies are being actively developed by various government agencies and aerospace manufacturers. Some of them are already approaching technological readiness. As part of the development of refueling technologies, Space Systems Command awarded a contract to Northrop Grumman to build a Passive Refueling Module (PRM) that will be used to rapidly refuel satellites. This module will become the standard for further development of refueling technologies.
Astroscale also received a contract to develop a satellite tanker spacecraft from Space Force worth $25.5 million. This spacecraft should be developed and ready for use by 2026.