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According to the billionaire, Neuralink’s first product was called Telepathy and will allow people to control phone or computer “with the power of thought”.
“The first person received an implant from Neuralink. Recovery is going well,” Musk wrote.
The first test should help the company perfect the design and functionality of the device. Neuralink recently said it had 11 surgeries planned for this year, although its forecasts were even more optimistic in the past.
As a rule, such studies cover 5-10 patients and last up to a year. Next, the company must conduct a feasibility study and then conduct a pivotal study, which is similar to a Phase III study for a drug (dosage and side effects are determined and tested on tens or hundreds of patients).
If everything goes according to plan, then the commercialization of the Neuralink device can be expected in 5-10 years. Meanwhile, Musk’s biographical book stated that the company plans to operate on more than 20 thousand people by 2030.
Where Neuralink started?
Neuralink is a startup founded by Elon Musk in 2017 that is trying to create a brain-computer interface and help injured people control phones and PCs using the “power of thought.”
In 2019, Musk said that Neuralink implanted a chip in the head of a monkey, which was then “able to control a computer.” Since then, the company regularly publishes videos of monkeys allegedly playing video games or typing text “with the power of their thoughts.” The technology was also tested on pigs.
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A monkey with a Neuralink chip plays ping-pong with the “power of thought”
Neuralink technology is based on decades of research into implanting electrodes in the human brain to interpret signals and treat conditions such as paralysis, epilepsy and Parkinson's disease. One of the early devices, known as the Utah array, was first demonstrated in humans in 2004. Some Neuralink competitors, such as startup Synchron, offer an alternative method of implanting the chip – through blood vessels.
Investigations and fines
Last year, the US Food and Drug Administration eventually approved Neuralink for a human clinical trial. Prior to this, the company tested the technology on animals, and repeatedly faced criticism from both animal rights activists and the Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine.
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Questions also arose regarding the transportation of potentially hazardous materials – the US Department of Transportation initiated an investigation and ultimately fined the company.
What is the difference between the Neuralink chip and competitors' products?
Now known as Telepathy, the Neuralink device contains over 1,000 electrodes (much more than other implants) and targets individual neurons (many other devices target signals from groups of neurons), which should provide a higher degree of signal detection accuracy.
Neuralink implant prototype. Photo: Damien Meloni for Bloomberg
The chip and electrodes are implanted into the patient's brain using a specially designed robotic surgeon, and wireless communication ensures that brain signals are sent to a special program called Neuralink, which decodes them into actions and intentions. The device can also be recharged wirelessly.
What is the goal of Neuralink and Mask?
For starters, Neuralink wants to help paralyzed people, and then the device can be used by people with hearing and vision loss. Musk expresses quite ambitious goals in his announcements, such as the fact that the implant will one day help people “merge” with artificial intelligence.
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