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The influence of the Intel 8086 processor on the computer industry can hardly be overestimated. It was he who laid the foundation for the x86 architecture, which still runs on most computers today. Intel 8086, introduced on June 8, 1978, 46 years ago.
Intel 8086 was developed by a team led by Stephen Morse. At the time, Intel was facing stiff competition from Motorola, whose 6800 processor was popular in the market, although it used a flat address space instead of segmented memory addressing. The 8086 was Intel's answer to the need for more powerful and versatile computing devices.
With a clock speed of up to 10 MHz and a 16-bit architecture, the 8086 was a major step up from its predecessors. It used the complex instruction set computing (CISC) architecture that powers processors today. Its versatility made it popular for business and personal computers. This also set the stage for Intel's commitment to CISC architecture, while companies like Arm used RISC.
The Intel 8086 also introduced several important features such as segmented memory addressing, which allowed access to more memory than previous 8-bit processors. Dividing 1 MB of memory into 64 KB segments was important for running more complex programs and operating systems. The chip's architecture paved the way for the next 8088 processor, which became the basis for the IBM PC.
The 1978 processor founded a line of chips that included the 80286, 80386, 80486, and the 80486's successor, the legendary Pentium series. The most notable legacy of the 8086 is its instruction set architecture (ISA), which has been maintained and extended over the decades. Intel also recognizes its importance: in 2018, the company celebrated the 8086's fortieth anniversary with the release of the Core i7-8086K processor.
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